[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.eeap.cz\/mayska-civilizace\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.eeap.cz\/mayska-civilizace\/","headline":"Maysk\u00e1 civilizace","name":"Maysk\u00e1 civilizace","description":"Maysk\u00e1 civilizace se proslavila hlavn\u011b sv\u00fdm kalend\u00e1\u0159em, d\u00edky n\u011bmu\u017e \u010dekal cel\u00fd sv\u011bt roku 2012 na jeho konec. Toto proroctv\u00ed se sice nenaplnilo, to ov\u0161em neub\u00edr\u00e1…","datePublished":"2019-10-14","dateModified":"2023-05-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.eeap.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.eeap.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/390ba47df5874845ef3762ac16ecd0a67f4e30c13cbb7c7ee444ade303aa885b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/390ba47df5874845ef3762ac16ecd0a67f4e30c13cbb7c7ee444ade303aa885b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"eeap.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.eeap.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a356293_w3908_t1570947898.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.eeap.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a356293_w3908_t1570947898.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.eeap.cz\/mayska-civilizace\/","about":["Spole\u010dnost"],"wordCount":474,"articleBody":"Maysk\u00e1 civilizace se proslavila hlavn\u011b sv\u00fdm kalend\u00e1\u0159em, d\u00edky n\u011bmu\u017e \u010dekal cel\u00fd sv\u011bt roku 2012 na jeho konec. Toto proroctv\u00ed se sice nenaplnilo, to ov\u0161em neub\u00edr\u00e1 tomuto n\u00e1rodu ani p\u0159i nejmen\u0161\u00edm na zaj\u00edmavosti.\tMayov\u00e9 \u017eili na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f Belize, severoz\u00e1padn\u00edm Hondurasu, Guatemale, Yucatan a dal\u0161\u00edch. Tato poloha nebyla n\u00e1hodn\u00e1. \u0160lo toti\u017e o strategick\u00e9 m\u00edsto, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165ovalo bezpe\u010d\u00ed p\u0159ed invaz\u00ed jin\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f. Jednalo se o velice vzd\u011blan\u00fd n\u00e1rod, a to ve velk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed.\t\tZa\u010dn\u011bme tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad architekturou, v\u00a0ni\u017e byli opravdov\u00fdmi mistry. Nejv\u00edce se zam\u011b\u0159ovali na stavbu m\u011bst, chr\u00e1m\u016f a pyramid. N\u011bkter\u00e1 z\u00a0velk\u00fdch m\u011bst se py\u0161nila dokonce hustotou os\u00eddlen\u00ed neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch 800 obyvatel na jeden kilometr \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00ed, co\u017e lze p\u0159irovnat k\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00edmu os\u00eddlen\u00ed Los Angeles. M\u00e1lo zn\u00e1m\u00fdm faktem je, \u017ee Mayov\u00e9 postavili v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed pyramid ne\u017e Egyp\u0165an\u00e9, kter\u00e9 pova\u017eujeme za mistry v\u00a0tomto architektonick\u00e9m odv\u011btv\u00ed. Jak u\u017e bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno mezi dal\u0161\u00edmi zachovan\u00fdmi pam\u00e1tkami jsou sv\u011btsk\u00e9 stavby, tedy chr\u00e1my a ob\u011btn\u00ed m\u00edsta. Mayov\u00e9 byli toti\u017e siln\u011b v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edm n\u00e1rodem, kter\u00fd uct\u00edval sv\u00e9 bo\u017estvo pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0podob\u011b ob\u011bt\u00ed, je\u017e p\u0159edstavovalo j\u00eddlo, zv\u00ed\u0159ata \u010di dokonce i lid\u00e9. Samotn\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly byly opravdu velice krut\u00e9. Jedna z\u00a0pov\u011bst\u00ed dokonce tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se v\u011bnovali sportu, je\u017e lze ozna\u010dit za p\u0159edch\u016fdce dne\u0161n\u00edho basketbalu. T\u00fdm, kter\u00fd z\u00e1pas prohr\u00e1l, byl pot\u00e9 ob\u011btov\u00e1n boh\u016fm nap\u0159\u00edklad shozen\u00edm z\u00a0pyramidy nebo t\u0159eba vyta\u017een\u00edm je\u0161t\u011b tlukouc\u00edho srdce.\t\tDal\u0161\u00ed oblast, v\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e byli zb\u011bhl\u00ed byla matematika a astronomie. P\u0159i sv\u00fdch po\u010detn\u00edch operac\u00edch vyu\u017e\u00edvali i nuly, co\u017e bylo \u010d\u00edslo, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0t\u00e9to dob\u011b neznali, nato\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvali \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 nebo \u0158ekov\u00e9. Znalost astronomie se projevovala na znalosti planet a doby cykl\u016f jejich ob\u011bhu. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b matematiky a astrologie dok\u00e1zali sestavit slavn\u00fd a ji\u017e zmi\u0148ovan\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd byl ale opravdu p\u0159esn\u00fd, a dokonce mnohem l\u00e9pe zpracovan\u00fd, ne\u017e je n\u00e1\u0161 nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Jde tak\u00e9 o jeden z\u00a0nejslo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f v\u016fbec. V\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0t\u00edmto oborem byste tak\u00e9 mohli narazit na pojem alautun, co\u017e byla jedna s\u00a0nejdel\u0161\u00edch \u010dasov\u00fdch jednotek ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b. Ozna\u010doval obdob\u00ed dlouh\u00e9 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 64 mili\u00f3n\u016f let. Nezaost\u00e1vali ani ve v\u00fdrob\u011b vlastn\u00edho pap\u00edr\u016f a psan\u00ed knih. Na svou dobu se tedy celkov\u011b jednalo o opravdu nad\u010dasovou civilizaci s\u00a0neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdmi poznatky.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.5\/5 - (10 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Maysk\u00e1 civilizace","item":"https:\/\/www.eeap.cz\/mayska-civilizace\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]